Continuous pasteurizer.



PATBNTED MAR. 22, 1904.

No. 755,191. T. L. VALERIUS.

4CONTINUOUS. PASTEURIZER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 28, 1902.

N0 MODEL. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 755,191. l y PATENTED MAR. 22, 1904.

T. L. vALEmUs.. f U CONTINUOUS BASTEURIZER.

. AP'rLI'UATIoN FILED AUG. 2s, 1902.-

. :so nonni.. .4 snnn'rsL-snnn'r'a.

UU a O) PATBNTED MAR. 22, 1904. T.- L. VALBRIUS. CONTINUOUS PASTEURIZER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 28, 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3. v

I0 KODEL.

PATENTED MAR. 22, 1904.

. T. L. VALERIUS. CONTINUOUS PAS'IEURIZER; APPLICATION Hmm AUG. 28,1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

H0 IODBL.

UNITED STATES atentea March 22, i904.

PATENT OFFICE.

THEODORE L. VALERIUS, OF FORT ATKINSON, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO CREAMERYPACKAGE MFG.. CO., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORA- TION OF ILLINOIS.v

Y CONTINUOUS PAsTEURlzER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 755,191, dated. Marchv22, 1904.

Application filed August 28, 1902.

To a/ZZ whom it may concern:

A Be it known that I, THEoDoRE L. VALEEIUS, a resident of Fort Atkinson,Jefferson county, Wisconsin, have invented a certain new, useful, andImproved Continuous Pasteurizer, of

which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a machine for. pasteurizing, heating, tempering,and cooling milk and other liquids; andthe object of my IO invention isto provide a machine wherewith the process of pasteurizing, tempering,and cooling milk and other liquids may be conducted continuously, and ata more rapid rate than has hitherto been successfully attained.

I5 Most of the pasteurizers which have been devised up tothis time have`been large and bulky and the process or period of pasteurization ofiiuids thereby has, as I think, been need- .lessly long. Theextermination of bacilli 2O and microbes by quick variations oftemperature in a body of liquid depends, I believe,

not so much upon theI duration of the high temperature as it does uponthe impartingof a high temperature to everyvportion ofthe body of liquidunder treatment and the quickness with which the temperature of theliquid is thereafter reduced. In other words, I find that by exposingthe liquid to heated suri faces that in area largely exceed the heatedareas of like machines in proportion to the quantity offluid undertreatment I am able to very quickly raise the temperature of a flowingstream of milk or other liquid andpby like exposure thereof to coolingsurfaces quickly reduce its temperature.y

Another object of my invention is to provide a machine for carryingoutsvarious processes of pasteurizing, tempering, and cooling ortreating liquids, particularly milk and cream, and which will performits function perfectly in a substantially closed condition, whereby lossof liquid 'by evaporation -is avoided and exposure thereof to theatmosphere is obviated. 'j

Another object of my invention is to provide a machine of the classmentioned which shall be compact in form and neat in appearance, whichmay be yeasily cleaned, which Serial No. 121,281. (No model.)

shall be of -low cost as to manufacture, mainte'- nance, and operation,which shall be automaticl in operation, and which Yshall require littleattention of the users.

My invention consists generally in a machine or apparatus particularlyadapted for heating or cooling, pasteurizing or' tempering liquids,especially milk and cream, and which is of the construction andcombination of parts hereinafter described, and pointed out in theclaims.

The invention will be more readily understood by reference to theaccompanying drawings, and in which- Figure 1 is aside elevation of acontinuous pasteurizer embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontalsection thereof on the line m of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is avertical section onthe irregular section-liney y of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a transverse verticalysection substantially on the line e .'e'of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is aperspective view of one of the groups of deiiecting-plates which Ipreferably provide in eachl compartment of the machine. Fig. 6 is asectional detail illustrating a modification of the rotary heater. Fig.7 illustrates a further modification thereof. Fig. 8 is a sectionaldetailof a modified form of the rotary cooler, and Fig. 9 illustratesanother modification of the rotary cooler. v

As shown the drawings, the body of the machine comprises a longdeepframe or box `2, divided. by partitions 3 3 into three compartments4, 5, and 6, defined vby the .three metal linings, the bottoms of whichare semicylindrical. vThis construction of the bottoms of thecompartments facilitates the cleaning of the vessels or compartments andmakes the bodies of liquid in the compartments substantially coextensivewith the rotary heating and cooling devices therein. Each of theserotary devices, as hereinafter described in detail, comprises a.plurality of hollow disks, and said devices extend transversely acrossthe box or frame 2 or of the machine. l

Themilk or other liquid is supplied to the machine through the inlet 7,which has a receiving-funnel 8. The inlet-pipe 7 enters one corner ofthe compartment 4. Diagonally across the compartment is the outlet orbypass 9, which leads into the next compartment 5, and diagonallyopposite the by-pass 9 is the by-pass 10, leading from the compartment 5into the compartment 6.

11 is the discharge-pipe, which is diagonally opposite the by-pass 10.

The pipe 7, the by-pass 9, the by-pass 10, and the discharge-pipe 11 arepreferably arranged at successively lower points to promote the iow ofthe liquid through the compartments from the inlet of the firstcompartment 4 to the outlet 11. The heights to which the liquid rises inthe several compartments is approximately indicated in Fig. 3. Theby-passes 9 and 10, as shown, preferably extend outside of the walls ofthe box 2, and as there is preferably no pressure on the liquidcontained in the compartments the by-passes are never more thanpartially filled with liquid. This being the case the by-passes may havehinged tops 12, which being raised allow the by-passes to be easily andthoroughly cleaned. Each lid or cover 12 is preferably provided with athermometer-hole to permit the taking of the temperature of the owingliquid between the compartments.

Covers 13, 14, and 15 are provided for the compartments, and thesecovers fit tightly enough to practically exclude air from thecompartments and prevent atmospheric or accidental pollution oftheliquid therein. The compartment 4 is the heating-compartment of themachine,fand the cover 13 for this compartment is preferably providedwith an asbestos lining 13 to make the same a better non-conductor ofheat. The cover, particularly when made in this way, assists inmaintaining the temperature within the compartment 4 and by preventingthe escape of vapors prevents loss of the fluid by evaporation.Preferably the cover 13 is provided with a small hole 13 in its top andwith the vapor-condensing cap 13. The hole 13 is just large enough topermit the free exit of the ordorous gases which rise from the liquidwhich is being treated, and this hole being lled by said gases air isexcluded. The covers for the other compartments, which are thecooling-compartments, do not require exhaust-openings and serve theirpurpose best when tight. As shown, themetal compartments 4, 5, and 6 arepreferably surrounded by the air-spaces between the same and the box 2.

17 17 17 are the drain-cocks of the several compartments.

The best pasteurization of a liquid, and particularly of milk, involvesboth its heating and cooling in the one process. This is done in thesingle machine illustrated.

The heating and cooling of the milk in my machine is accomplished bymeans of the rotary devices before referred to, the tempering-surfacesof which are very large in proportion to the liquid capacities of theircompartments. The rotary heaters and coolers which I employ somewhatresemble the rotary evaporators hitherto employed for the condensationand evaporation of various liquid, but differ therefrom in essentialfeaturesrof construction and-arrangement and also in their operation.The rotary heater, which is in the compartment 4, comprises a pluralityof hollow disks 22, that are arranged upon a shaft 19. This shaftextends through or across the compartment and, when the compartment isfilled, is preferably partly immersed in the liquid therein. The shaft19 is held in bearings 20 in theupper walls of the box-frame 2 and itsmetal compartment 4. Each bearing is provided with a stuHng-box 21,surrounding the shaft 19, to prevent leakage of the liquid from thecompartment or liquid-space. The steam which is used in the heaterenters through one end of the shaft 19 and is discharged from the otherend. The shaft is bored from opposite ends, and the bore 19 at the steamend of the shaft is longer than that at the outlet end of the shaft-thatis, the bore 19 at the outlet end extends only far enough to meet thelast disk upon the shaft-to wit, that which is nearest the inletpipe 7,of the compartment 4. The disks 22 are oblong in cross-section and arepreferably made of sheet metal and are fastened about the shaft 19 atregular intervals.

23 represents openings in the shaft leading from the bore 19 into thehollow disks. Similar openings 24 are provided in the opposite end ofthe shaft, the same leading from the last disk 22 into the outlet-bore19 in that end of the shaft. As shown, a partition 25 is left betweenthe bores in the shaft. The several disks are connected by thecylindrical portions 26, that are larger than the shaft 19, and eachdisk contains two bafiie-disks 27 and 28, which are fastened upon theshaft. The baffle disks or plates are of less diameter than the hollowdisks, and their edges are preferably turned inwardly, as shown, with anannular opening between the edges of each pair of baffle-disks. It willbe noted that the outer sides 22 of the disks 22 at the ends of theheater are alone fastened to the shaft 19 and that between these pointsthe disks are connected by the cylindrical portions 26. The shaftreceives steam or other heating uid from the pipe 29, which is sleevedin the end of the shaft 19, with the joint protected by the stuiiing-boxor gland 29. The steam upon entering the bore 19 jets into the hollowdisks through the holes 23 and striking the baffledisks condensesthereon. I The water of condensation, which soon lls the lower parts ofthe disks 22, iiows from each disk to the next through the connectingpart 26 until it enters the last disk on the shaft, from which it isexpelled through the openings 24, leading into lOO IIO

ably identical with the heater.

the short outlet-bore 19 of the shaft. Traversing this the water isdischarged into the head 99, that is supported at the end of the shaft29 and from the bottom of which extends the drain-pipe 30. The end ofthe shaft has a running fit in the side of the head 29, and the head ispreferably steadied by a bracket 31, extending from the side of lthe box2. I.

The rotary coolers, for the two compartments and 6. are identical inconstruction, and in external appearance they are prefer- Each cooler ismade up of aseries of hollow disks 32. The end cooling-disks 32 are ineach case connected to a shaft 33,and the intermediate connections aremade by cylindrical portions 32', identical with the connections 26,before described. The shaft 33 has a bore 34 at each end, which borescommunicate with respective end disks by openings 35. Each disk 32contains a partition-disk 36, fastened at its center to the shaft 33.The partition-disks may be fastened at their peripheries and areprovided with a number of holes 37, for the passage of the coolingfluid. The bearings and stuffingboxes 20 for the shafts 33 are identicalwith the boxes 20. The shafts 33 33 are connected by the sprocket-belt54, while the middle shaft 33 and the shaft 19 are connected by thesprocket-belt 55, on the opposite side of the machine. All of the shaftsare driven from the shaft 19, which carries the'fixed and loosebelt-pulleys 56 and 57.

That end of the middle shaft 33 which is adjacent to the by-pass 9extends into the discharge-head 39, supported on the bracket 40. Theother end of the shaft has sleeve connection 41 with the pipe 42, thatis supported by the brackets 43 43. The end shaft 33 has sleeveconnections 44 45 with the pipes 42 and pipe These sleeve connectionspermit the roration of the shafts,while making good joints therewith.The pipe 42 is provided with the intermediate valve-47 and with the endvalves 48 and 49. The pipe 46 has the valves 50 and 51 at its ends andan intermediate valve 52.

53 is the water-pipe connection with the pipe 46, the same being locatedbetween the valve 52 and the shaft 33 at the end of the machine.

I preferably provide each compartment of the machine with a group ofremovable deflectingplates,which in a measure conform to a spiral andcause the milk to progress from the inlet to the outlet of thecompartment, slightly increasing the capacity of the machine. Theseplates 58, as shown in Figs. 2 to 5, have curved bottoms which rest uponthe bottoms of the compartments, and said plates are provided with deepnotches or recesses 59 of greater width than the cylindrical portionsbetween the disks. The plates 58 are equidistant and areconnected attheir upper corners bythe cross-rods 60. As shown in Fig.

2, the deflecting-plates'preferably fit snugly against the sidewalls ofthe compartment; but, if desired, openings may be left for the passageof the milk at these points as well as at the centers ofthe plates. Inpractice the spaces between the disks and the plates are less thanindicated in the drawings, and the plates have a greater tendency todeflect the liquid that is carried over by the revolving disks.

In machines of large size I prefer to strengthen the rotary devices attheir hubs or centers, and to this end I sometimes construct the heatersand coolers as represented in Figs. 6 to 9 of the drawings. Theseillustrations are all exaggerated as to the relative diameters of theparts, and in practice many more disks are arranged upon a single shaft.

Referring to Fig. 6, 62 represents the shaft provided with a steam-bore63 and with the water-outlet Ibore 64. The ends of this shaft arethreaded, as shown, to receive the collars or rings 65 65. 66 representsother rings, that are slipped onto the shaft 62 and are of the sameexternal diameter as the rings 65. 67 68 are the baiiie-disks. The disks66 are each vprovided with a serrated ring or collar 68',

which extends between it and the opposite disk 67. The collars 68 arepreferably of the same diameter as the rings 66. It is obvious that whenthe rings 65 are screwed inward the baffle-plates will all be rmly boundbetween the ends of the several rings. The hollow.. disks 69 arearranged upon the rings 65 66, having flared hubs 69', that fit saidrings. rIhe hollow disks are preferably made of sheet metal, and,contrary to the illustrations herein, are preferably made in halves,which are placed together with soldered joints.

IOO

The Shaft 62 has openings 63 leading from the steam-bore 63 into thespaces between the baffle-plates. The spaces between-the inner walls oftheY hollow disks 69 and the baffle disks or plates 67 68 are verynarrow, and the water collecting in these spaces and which prevents thescalding of the milkon the disks 69 is discharged into the hubs or rings66 through the holes or notches 66l therein. As shown, the

internal webs of the rings 66 have waterpassages 66". rlhe steamentering the bore 63 escapes into the hollow disks and is therecondensed, and the water of condensation IIO traverses the narrow spacesbetween the hol- Y low disks 69 and the baffle-plates 67 68, with ageneral iiow toward the outlet end of the heater. The water ofcondensation is finally expelled from the last disk into the bore 64. Itwill be obvious that the direct iiow of either steam or water from endto end of the heater is prevented by the-steam-condensing baffle-plates,the central parts of which fit closely upon and about the shaft 62. Y' Afurther modification of the vheater is illustrated in Fig. 7. The shafthere employed is identical with that shown in Fig. 6; but therings-are-so constructed asto clamp the hollow disks between them. 70 70are rings provided with inset shoulders to receive the rings 71, whichare provided with outset shoulders to interlock with the rings 70. Theedges of the hollow disks 72 are held between the rings and 71, whilethe baffle-plates 73 74 are mounted upon the rings 71. The rings 70 haveholes 7 0 for the longitudinal passage of steam and water along theshaft, while the rings 71 are provided with a plurality of holes 71opposite the holes in the shaft and through which steam rises into thetops of the hollow disks between the baiiie-plates 73 74 therein. Thespaces between the baiiie-plates and the inner walls of the disks are sonarrow that said spaces will be substantially filled with water at alltimes by capillary action, thereby interposing a strata or film of Waterbetween the steam entering the disks and the exterior surfaces of thedisks 72, to prevent overheating of milk in contact therewith. l

Fig. 8 shows a water-cooler,constructed on the plan of the heater shownin Fig. 6. In

this case the end rings 75 75 are made to clamp and hold the middlepartitions 77.

A water-cooler resembling the heater in Fig. 7 is shown in Fig. 9, thesame lcomprising interlocking rings 79 and 8O and differing from Fig. 7only in that the rings 80 have no inner webs, while webs 81 are providedupon the rings 79. The rings 79 are provided with holes 79 on each sideof the partition plates or disks, and the course of the water is asindicated by the arrows, the water being forced by the webs 81 to travelaround the partitions in the disks before reaching the outlet-hole inthe shaft.

Numerous modifications may be madev in these rotary devices and in theconstruction of the machine throughout.

The operation of my continuous pasteurizer is as follows: The steam-pipeis connected to the valve 50, and the water-pipe is connected to thevalve 53, suitable means being provided for supplying water or otherfluid that has a low temperature. Before beginning the operation thevalves 52, 51, 48, and 49 are closed, while the valve 47 is opened toprovide a free passage between the ends of the two coolershafts 33. Thecool water entering the pipe 46 at 53 under` a suitable head or pressureHows into the end shaft 33 and enters the Erst disk of the cooler. rlherapidly-flowing stream in the pipe here becomes a slow-flowing streamthat moves through the tortuous passages of the connected disks of thecooler and finally reaching the discharge end of the shaft 33, flowsthrough the sleeve 44 into the pipe 42. Here it passes the valve 47 andthrough the sleeve 41 enters the middle shaft 33, from whence the waterenters the disks of the middle cooler and is discharged through the duct34 thereof into the drain-head 39. If it is found necessary to heat thewater, this is accomplished by` opening valve 51, which is connectedwith` the steam-pipe and preferably has a jet 51;

that directs the steam into the end of the Shafts of the cooler. Whenthe valve 50 is openedr steam, preferably at substantially atmosphericpressure, will flow through the sleeve 29 into the bore 19 of theheater-shaft 19. From the bore 19 the steam is through holes 23distributed between the baffle-disks 27 and 28 of all but the last diskupon the shaft. The water of condensation soon fills the disks to aboutthe level of the shaft, and this, because of the rotation of the disks,results in maintaining lms of water between the baille-disks and theinner walls of the hollow or heater disks, so that the steam strikingthe baleplates is almost instantly condensed thereby and by` naturalexpansion. By thus supplying steam between the baffle plates or disksthe hot steam is condensed before it can reach the thin walls of theheater-disks 22, and in this manner all danger of scorching the milk isavoided.' The water of condensation which collects in the disks flowsaround the bande-disks and through the cylindrical portions 26 until itreaches the inner baffle plate or disk of the last disk 22. Havingpassed this disk, the water, with the little vapor that remains, passesinto the space between the baffle-disks of the last plate and fromthence escapes through the holes 24 into the discharge-bore 19l of theshaft. rlhe water of condensation is finally discharged into the head29. When desired, the coolers may be supplied from separate sources ofcooling iiuid. In such a case the Valve 47 is closed, a

IOO

cold-water pipe is connected with the valve 48,

and the valve 49 is opened and serves as an outlet for the shaft of theend cooler. By opening the valve 52 steam may be allowed to enter all ofthe disks of the machine, either for the purpose of blowing out the sameor for suddenly raising the temperature of the iiuid in thecompartments. The temperature of the heater-disks 22 may be reduced byadmitting water to the shaft 19 from the valve 52. The heating andcooling devices being supplied with steam and water, respectively, andbeing in rotation, the actual process of pasteurization or any liketreatment of milk is as follows: The covers are placed over the IIOcompartments,and milk or other liquid is then turned into the firstcompartment 4 until the milk rises to the by-pass 9, when it willoverflow into the next compartment 5 and from that compartment into theby-pass 10 and through the same into the last compartment 6, thedischarge from which is through the pipe 11. As the milk enters thecompartment4 it body of the milk are at one time or another intimatelysubjected to the highest temperature of the heater, and therapidrotation of the heater-disks insures that rapid rise ofthetemperature of the flowing milk which isl re'- quired for theextermination of the bacilli, microbes, and other growths therein. Asbefore explained, the temperature of the disks can never rise to thetemperature of steam at atmospheric pressure because of condensation;instead said temperature is automatically maintained at the temperatureof condensed steam. The vertical deflecting-plates when used prevent anypossible unevenness in the flow of milk through the compartments andtend to slightly accelerate the forward flow 'of the agitated milk. Asthe milk enters the middle compartment of the machine through theby-pass 9 it encounters the warmest of the cooling-disks-that is, thedisk which is nearest the drain or discharge head 39. The

temperature of the cooling-disks taken as ay whole is very low, beingthat of cold water or cooled brine, and it is obvious that as the colddisks are rotated rapidly in the'bodies of milk, in the middle and endcompartments, the temperature of the flowing milk will be rapidlyreduced; and, in practice, it is discharged from the pipe l1 at atemperature closely approximating that of the cooling iiuid used in thecoolers.

A distinct advantage accrues from the employment of the covers of thecooling-compartments, which covers prevent the pollution of the milkfrom the atmosphere, and particularly from the employment of the coverfor the heater-compartment, which insures an 'even temperaturethroughout the compartment 4 and practically prevents the evaporation ofthe milk. A

My machine may be employed in various other ways, and Ido not confine myinvention either to the specific construction herein shown or the usesdefined.

I-Iaving thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent- 1. In a pasteurizer or the like,v thecombination of a plurality of closed compartments in communication, witha rotary heater and a rotary cooler of large area having horizontal axesprovided in said compartments respectively for rapidly heating landcooling the liquid iiowing through said compartments, and means forrotating said heater and cooler, substantially as described. 2. In apasteurizer or the like, the heating and cooling compartments, in'combination with a cover for said heating-compartment adapted topreventievaporation from said compartment, means connecting saidcompartments and a'pluralityof rotary hollow internally heated andcooled devices provided in said compartments, respectively,substantiallyas described. Y t

3. In a pasteurizer or the' like, a plurality of fluid-compartmentssuitably connected for the How of liquid from one to the other, incombination with a heater arranged in one of vsaid compartments,'coolersarranged in the other compartments and means for causing the coolingHuid to flow through said coolers toward the point at which the liquidfrom the heating-compartmententers the first coolingcompartmentsubstantially as described.

4. In a pasteurizer or the like, the plurality of liquid-compartmentshaving diagonallyopposed connecting-passages, in combination y withrotary heaters and coolers arranged in said compartments respectively,substantially as described.

5. In a pasteurizer or the like, the connected liquid-compartments incombination with the rotary disk heaters and coolers provided in saidcompartments and containing tortuous passages for heating and coolingiiuids and the walls of the heaters being protected from the directeffect of the. heating iiuid, substantially as described.

A6. In a pasteurizer or the like, the liquid compartment or receptacle.in combination with'the shaft extending through said compartment, thehollow disks provided upon said shaft, the steam-condensing,bande-diskscontained in said disks and means for supplying a heating iiuid fromsaid shaft to said disks and discharging the same from the last disk onsaid shaft, substantially as described.

7 In a pasteurizer lor the like, the liquid compartment Yor receptacle,in combination with a plurality of hollow disks `suitablyconnected,steam-condensingbaflile-disks provided in said hollow disks,means for supplying a heating fluid thereto and for discharging thecondensed fluid therefrom, substantially as described.

8. The rotary heater for pasteurizers and the like comprising the hollowshaft, the hollow disk provided thereon, means for supplying a heatingliuid to said shaft andfor discharging the same from said disk on theexterior of said shaft.

9. The rotary heater for pasteurizers and the like, comprising thehollow shaft, the hollow disksprovided thereon, means for supply- IOOIIO

ing a heating iiuid through saidshaft and for\ I I5 discharging the samefrom said disks on the exterior of said shaft and the steam-condensingbaffle plates or disks provided within said hollow disks, as and for thepurpose specified.

10. The rotary heater for pasteurizers and the like, comprising `ahollow shaft,a plurality of hollow disks provided thereon and suitablyconnected one with the other, jet-openings provided in said shaft andthe steam-condensing bafe plates or disks arranged close to the walls ofsaid disks, as and for the purpose specified.

A 1l. In a pasteurizer or the like, the liquid receptacle orcompartment, incombination with the rotary cooler comprising a shaft, a

plurality of hollow disks provided thereon and suitably connected one toanother, the partition-disks provided within said hollov7 disks andducts in the ends of said shafts for supplying and discharging thecooling fluid to and from the first disk and the last disk of theseries, substantially as described.

12. The rotary cooler for pasteurizers and the like, comprising theshaft provided with ducts in its ends, in combination with a pluralityof hollow disks provided upon said shaft, said ducts communicating withthe end disks on said shaft, the cylindrical connections between saiddisks having passages or openings for the cooling fluid, substantiallyas described.

13. In a pasteurizer or the like, the liquid receptacle or compartmenthaving inlet and discharge openings at its opposite ends, in combinationwith a plurality of rotary disks arranged in said compartment and aplurality of deiiecting-plates, said deflecting-plates eX- tending fromthe sides of the compartment and between the several rotary disks andeX- tending substantially to the top of said compartment, as and for thepurpose specified.

14. In a pasteurizer or the like, a plurality of liquid-compartmentshaving suitable covers and connected for the flow of liquid from one tothe other, in combination with the rotary heater and cooler provided insaid compartments, the shafts of said heater and cooler eX- tendingthrough the ends thereof and heating and cooling iuid connections withsaid shafts for supplying and emptying said rotary devices,substantially as described.

15. In a pasteurizer or the like, the combination with the machine-body,containing a plurality of liquid-compartments in combination with inletand outlet ducts for the compartments, the by-pass projecting from saidbody and connecting the compartments, the rotary heater and cooler insaid compartments respectively, the shafts thereof, the drainheads atthe ends of said shafts and the fluidinlet connections with said shafts,substantially as described.

16. In a heater for pasteurizers and the like, the shaft in combinationwith a hollow disk provided thereon, means for supplying and dischargingheating fluid to and from said disk and the condensing bafHe-platesprovided within said disk and between which the heating iiuid is firstadmitted, substantially as described.

17. The pasteurizer or the like comprising a plurality ofliquid-compartments connected for the ow of liquids therethrough, thecovers for said compartments, a rotary heater provided in one of saidcompartments, a rotary cooler provided in another, heating and coolinguid connections therefor, respectively, and said heater and cooler beingin operation only partially immersed in the liquid under treatment,substantially as described.

18. The pasteurizer or the like, comprising a liquid-compartment havinginlet and outlet openings for the fluid, a rotary heater provided insaid compartment and a cover for said compartment, having anoutlet-opening for the escape of gases and filled thereby to exclude airwhen the machine is in operation, substantially as described.

19. In a pasteurizer or the like, two compartments or spaces, one forheating the liquid and the other for cooling the same, in combinationwith a heater provided in and substantially filling the firstcompartment and heated by a fluid which flows longitudinally throughsaid heater, a cooler provided in and substantially filling the othercompartment and cooled by fluid which iiows longitudinally through saidcooler, means for moving said heater and cooler, a liquid-inlet for saidfirst compartment, a liquid-outlet for the other compartment, aconnection or duct between the compartments, and said inlet, saidconnection and said outlet being so arranged that the liquid undertreatment Hows through the compartments in directions opposite to theflow of the heating and cooling fluids in said heater and said cooler,respectively, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

20. In a pasteurizer or the like, a first compartment or liquid-space,in combination with a second compartment to receive the liquid fromthelirst compartment, a rotary hollow heater arranged in the rstcompartment and having a suitable discharge opening or outlet at itsend, a steam connection to the opposite end of said heater, means withinthe heater preventing the direct contact of the steam with the internalwalls thereof, a rotaryhollow cooler provided in the second compartmentand having a suitable outlet at its end, a cooling-fluid connection tothe other end of the cooler, and the internal walls of said cooler beingexposed to the cooling uid, substantially as described.

21. In a heater for pasteurizers or the like, a hollow disk, incombination with tubular connections, concentric with the disk, forconduct- IOO IIO

ing steam and Water to and from the same, and l means arranged withinthe hollow disk preventing the direct play of steam upon the internalwalls thereof.

22. A heater for pasteurizers or the like, comprising a hollowlens-shaped disk, in combination with tubular inlet and discharge con-vIZO protect said walls from the direct effect of the steam,substantially as described.

24. In a pasteurizer orvthe like, two compartments or spaces, connectedfor the low of liquid from one to the other, in combination with hollowshafts extending through said compartments, double walled heating disksmounted upon one of said shafts, single-walled cooling-disks mountedupon the shaft in the other compartment, and means connected with saidshafts for supplying hot and cold fluids thereto, substantially asdescribed.

25. In a pasteurizer or the like, the combination, of the communicatingfluid-compartments having an inlet and an outlet respectively, andconstituting together a path for a owing stream of liquid, with aplurality of rotating heating devices, connected together throughout,provided in one of said compartments, a plurality of rotary coolingdevices, connected together throughout, provided in the other of saidcompartments, means for internally heating and cooling said heating andcooling devices respectively, and suitable means for rotating saiddevices in their compartments, Vto heat and cool the flowing fluidtherein, substantially as described.

26. The rotary heater for pasteurizers and the like, comprising a shaft,in combination with a plurality of hollow disks provided thereon, saidshaft being provided with steamjets for directing steam into said hollowdisks, the balie-disk provided in each hollow disk and havinginwardlyturned, anged edges that substantially overlap said disks,protecting the inner walls of their hollow disks from the direct heat ofthe steam from said jets, and suitable means for conducting water ofcondensation from said hollow disks, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of twowitnesses, this 19th day of August, 1902, at Fort Atkinson, Jeffersoncounty, Wisconsin.

THEODORE L. VALERIUS.

Witnesses:

W. W. CORNISH, H. H. CURTIS.

